/************************************************************************* SNAKE GAME FOR KEYCHAININO www.keychainino.com The aim of the game is moving the snake around the LED display trying to eat the food that blinks. Use the two buttons in order to change the snake's head direction clockwise or counter clockwise. Pay attention to the other snake's pieces: Every two foods eaten, the snake increases itself! Don't eat yourself! :D created by Alessandro Matera 14/05/16 * ************************************************************************ */ #include #include #include #include #define MATRIX_ROW 5 #define MATRIX_COL 6 #define PIN_NUMBER 7 #define BUTTON_A 6 //pin 6 - PCINT6 #define BUTTON_B 8 //pin 8 - INT0 const byte pins[PIN_NUMBER] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 10}; //the number of the pin used for the LEDs in ordered const byte connectionMatrix[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL][2] = { //the matrix that shows the LEDs pin connections. First Value is the Anode, second is the Cathode {{1, 0}, {2, 0}, {3, 0}, {4, 0}, {5, 0}, {6, 0}}, {{0, 1}, {2, 1}, {3, 1}, {4, 1}, {5, 1}, {6, 1}}, {{0, 2}, {1, 2}, {3, 2}, {4, 2}, {5, 2}, {6, 2}}, {{0, 3}, {1, 3}, {2, 3}, {4, 3}, {5, 3}, {6, 3}}, {{0, 4}, {1, 4}, {2, 4}, {3, 4}, {5, 4}, {6, 4}} }; bool matrixState[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL] = { //the matrix that will be always used to turn ON or OFF the LEDs {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0} }; //game variables const byte MAXSNAKEPIECES = 8; //max number of snake pieces //snake pieces' position. Each piece has two variable Y and X. If its values = -1 means that the piece doesn't exist yet. byte snakePosition[MAXSNAKEPIECES][2] = { {3, 4}, {3, 3}, {3, 2}, {0, 0}, {0, 0}, {0, 0}, {0, 0}, {0, 0}, }; byte food[2] = {4, 6}; byte numSnakePieces = 3; //Snake's Head Direction Y, X //Y: 0 = STOP, -1 = UP, 1 = DOWN //X: 0 = STOP, 1 = RIGHT, -1 = LEFT int snakeDirection[2] = {0, 1}; const byte snakeSpeed = 15; //this number is inversely proportional to the speed of the snake byte snakeUpdatePositionCounter = 0; //it is a counter to update wall position byte snakeUpdatePositionSpeed = snakeSpeed; //the actual speed of the snake //variable used to make the food blink byte foodUpdateFlashingCounter = 0; byte foodBlink = true; //the game score calculated in the number of food eaten int score = 0; //MAX 255 for byte bool gameStarted = false; //indicates if the game is started //KeyChainino Face stored in FLASH in order to reduce RAM size const PROGMEM bool KeyChaininoFace[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL] = { {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, {1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1}, {0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0} }; //NUMBERS used in score stored in FLASH in order to reduce RAM size const PROGMEM bool one[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL] = { {0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0} }; const PROGMEM bool two[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL] = { {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0} }; const PROGMEM bool three[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL] = { {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0} }; const PROGMEM bool four[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL] = { {0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0} }; const PROGMEM bool five[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL] = { {0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0} }; const PROGMEM bool six[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL] = { {0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0} }; const PROGMEM bool seven[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL] = { {0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0} }; const PROGMEM bool eight[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL] = { {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0} }; const PROGMEM bool nine[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL] = { {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0} }; const PROGMEM bool zero[MATRIX_ROW][MATRIX_COL] = { {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0}, {0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0} }; ISR(TIM1_OVF_vect) { // timer1 overflow interrupt service routine cli(); //disable interrupt TCNT1 = 65405; //THIS PART IS USED TO UPDATE THE Snake'S MOVIMENT IN THE GAME //if game is started change snake position if (gameStarted) { //it is a counter used to update the snake position after it reach the snakeUpdatePositionSpeed value //becouse timer interrupt is to fast snakeUpdatePositionCounter++; if (snakeUpdatePositionCounter > snakeUpdatePositionSpeed) { updateSnakePosition(); snakeUpdatePositionCounter = 0; } //food blink counter foodUpdateFlashingCounter++; if (foodUpdateFlashingCounter > 5) { foodBlink = !foodBlink; foodUpdateFlashingCounter = 0; } if (foodBlink) { //set food position setMatrixStateBit(food[0], food[1]); } else { //clear food position clearMatrixStateBit(food[0], food[1]); } } // THIS PART IS USED TO UPDATE THE CHARLIEPLEXING LEDS MATRIX // YOU CAN JUST DON'T CARE ABOUT THIS PART // BECAUSE YOU CAN CODE LIKE A STANDARD MATRIX BY MANIPULATING THE // VALUE OF THE matrixState MATRIX //check from matrixState which LED to turn ON or OFF for (byte i = 0; i < MATRIX_ROW; i++) { for (byte j = 0; j < MATRIX_COL; j++) { if (matrixState[i][j] == 1) { //turn on LED with 1 in matrixState pinMode(pins[connectionMatrix[i][j][0]], OUTPUT); //set positive pole to OUTPUT pinMode(pins[connectionMatrix[i][j][1]], OUTPUT); //set negative pole to OUTPUT digitalWrite(pins[connectionMatrix[i][j][0]], HIGH); //set positive pole to HIGH digitalWrite(pins[connectionMatrix[i][j][1]], LOW); //set negative pole to LOW delayMicroseconds(250); //250 pinMode(pins[connectionMatrix[i][j][0]], INPUT); //set both positive pole and negative pole pinMode(pins[connectionMatrix[i][j][1]], INPUT); // to INPUT in order to turn OFF the LED } if (matrixState[i][j] == 0) { //turn off LED with 0 in matrixState pinMode(pins[connectionMatrix[i][j][0]], INPUT); //set both positive pole and negative pole pinMode(pins[connectionMatrix[i][j][1]], INPUT); // to INPUT in order to turn OFF the LED } } } sei(); //enable interrupt } ISR(PCINT0_vect) { //BUTTON A INTERRUPT //do nothing } ISR(INT0_vect) { //BUTTON B INTERRUPT //do nothing } void setup() { //configure LED pins for (byte i = 0; i < PIN_NUMBER; i++) { pinMode(pins[i], INPUT); } //configure Buttons pins pinMode(BUTTON_A, INPUT_PULLUP); pinMode(BUTTON_B, INPUT_PULLUP); // initialize Timer1 cli(); // disable global interrupts TCCR1A = 0; // set entire TCCR1A register to 0 TCCR1B = 0; // set entire TCCR1A register to 0 // enable Timer1 overflow interrupt: TIMSK1 |= (1 << TOIE1); // preload timer 65536 - (8000000 / 1024 / 60) = 60Hz TCNT1 = 65405; // set 1024 prescaler bitSet(TCCR1B, CS12); bitSet(TCCR1B, CS10); bitSet(GIMSK, PCIE0); //enable pingChange global interrupt //disabling all unnecessary peripherals to reduce power ADCSRA &= ~bit(ADEN); //disable ADC power_adc_disable(); // disable ADC converter power_usi_disable(); // disable USI // enable global interrupts: sei(); resetGame(); //initialize the game variables } void loop() { if (gameStarted) { //if game is started game(); //go to game function } else { //else end the game endGame(); //to to end game } } void game() { changeSnakePosition(); } void endGame() { //SHOW SCORE showScore(score); //shows the score number clearMatrix(); //clear all the LEDs showKeyChaininoFace(); //show KeyChaininoFace delay(500); goSleep(); //sleep to reduce power resetGame(); //reset game variables } void changeSnakePosition() { //when a button is pressed we change the snake's head direction. //if button A is pressed, we chance the direction to CCW = Counter Clockwise //if button B is pressed, we chance the direction to CW = Clockwise if (!digitalRead(BUTTON_A)) {//CCW delay(30); if (!digitalRead(BUTTON_A)) { if (snakeDirection[0] == -1) { //snake is going UP, we go LEFT snakeDirection[0] = 0; snakeDirection[1] = -1; } else if (snakeDirection[0] == 1) { //snake is going DOWN, we go RIGHT snakeDirection[0] = 0; snakeDirection[1] = 1; } else if (snakeDirection[1] == 1) { //snake is going RIGHT, we go UP snakeDirection[0] = -1; snakeDirection[1] = 0; } else if (snakeDirection[1] == -1) { //snake is going LEFT, we go DOWN snakeDirection[0] = 1; snakeDirection[1] = 0; } while (!digitalRead(BUTTON_A)); //while the button is pressed we do nothing. } } if (!digitalRead(BUTTON_B)) {//CW delay(30); if (!digitalRead(BUTTON_B)) { if (snakeDirection[0] == -1) { //snake is going UP, we go RIGHT snakeDirection[0] = 0; snakeDirection[1] = 1; } else if (snakeDirection[0] == 1) { //snake is going DOWN, we go LEFT snakeDirection[0] = 0; snakeDirection[1] = -1; } else if (snakeDirection[1] == 1) { //snake is going RIGHT, we go DOWN snakeDirection[0] = 1; snakeDirection[1] = 0; } else if (snakeDirection[1] == -1) { //snake is going LEFT, we go UP snakeDirection[0] = -1; snakeDirection[1] = 0; } while (!digitalRead(BUTTON_B)); //while the button is pressed we do nothing. } } } void updateSnakePosition() { int newSnakePosition[MAXSNAKEPIECES][2]; //variable that contains the new calcolated snake's position //update snake's head position according to the snakeDirection newSnakePosition[0][0] = snakePosition[0][0] + snakeDirection[0]; //adjust head position if (newSnakePosition[0][0] > MATRIX_ROW - 1) { newSnakePosition[0][0] = 0; } if (newSnakePosition[0][0] < 0) { newSnakePosition[0][0] = MATRIX_ROW - 1; } newSnakePosition[0][1] = snakePosition[0][1] + snakeDirection[1]; if (newSnakePosition[0][1] > MATRIX_COL - 1) { newSnakePosition[0][1] = 0; } if (newSnakePosition[0][1] < 0) { newSnakePosition[0][1] = MATRIX_COL - 1; } //check if snake's head collide with the others snake's pieces. If it is, we end the game. for (byte i = 1; i < numSnakePieces; i++) { if ((newSnakePosition[0][0] == snakePosition[i][0]) && (newSnakePosition[0][1] == snakePosition[i][1])) { gameStarted = false; //endGame } } //check if snake collide with food if ((newSnakePosition[0][0] == food[0]) && (newSnakePosition[0][1] == food[1])) { //clear food position clearMatrixStateBit(food[0], food[1]); score++; //increse score if (score % 2 == 0) { //every two food eaten, increase snake's pieces numSnakePieces++; } if (numSnakePieces > MAXSNAKEPIECES) { //if max pieces rieched, set pieces to max. numSnakePieces = MAXSNAKEPIECES; } //randomize new food position food[0] = random(0, MATRIX_ROW); food[1] = random(0, MATRIX_COL); //if food position is in the same position of the snake, change position for (byte i = 0; i < numSnakePieces; i++) { if (food[0] == newSnakePosition[i][0] && food[1] == newSnakePosition[i][1] || food[0] == snakePosition[i][0] && food[1] == snakePosition[i][1]) { food[0] = random(0, MATRIX_ROW); food[1] = random(0, MATRIX_COL); i = 0; } } } //shift the other snake's pieces according to the previous pieces. for (byte i = 1; i < numSnakePieces; i++) { newSnakePosition[i][0] = snakePosition[i - 1][0]; //adjust snake's piece position if (newSnakePosition[i][0] > MATRIX_ROW - 1) { newSnakePosition[i][0] = 0; } if (newSnakePosition[i][0] < 0) { newSnakePosition[i][0] = MATRIX_ROW - 1; } newSnakePosition[i][1] = snakePosition[i - 1][1]; if (newSnakePosition[i][1] > MATRIX_COL - 1) { newSnakePosition[i][1] = 0; } if (newSnakePosition[i][1] < 0) { newSnakePosition[i][1] = MATRIX_COL - 1; } } //delete current snake Position for (byte i = 0; i < numSnakePieces; i++) { clearMatrixStateBit(snakePosition[i][0], snakePosition[i][1]); //clear } //set current snake Position for (byte i = 0; i < numSnakePieces; i++) { snakePosition[i][0] = newSnakePosition[i][0]; snakePosition[i][1] = newSnakePosition[i][1]; setMatrixStateBit(snakePosition[i][0], snakePosition[i][1]); //set } //set new food position setMatrixStateBit(food[0], food[1]); } void showScore(byte scoreNumber) { clearMatrix(); char scoreChar[5]; //char were to put the score number //converting the score to scoreChar String str = String(scoreNumber) + ' '; str.toCharArray(scoreChar, 5); for (char c = 0; scoreChar[c] != '\0'; c++) { for (int col = MATRIX_COL - 1; col >= 0; col--) { // we start to display the charter matrix from right to left for (byte i = 0; i < MATRIX_COL; i++) { //put the charter into the matrixState for (byte j = 0; j < MATRIX_ROW; j++) { //as usual if (i >= col) { //if the number of col(i) is higher than the scrolling col, we show the correct charter according to charterToShow var. writeCharter(scoreChar[c], i, j, col); } else { //else, if col (i) is less than col, we shift the matrixState matrixState[j][i] = matrixState[j][i + 1]; } } } delay(100); } } } //show the number according to the matrix number void writeCharter(char charterToShow, byte i, byte j, byte col) { if (charterToShow == '0') { matrixState[j][i] = (bool*)pgm_read_byte(&(zero[j][i - col])); } else if (charterToShow == '1') { matrixState[j][i] = (bool*)pgm_read_byte(&(one[j][i - col])); } else if (charterToShow == '2') { matrixState[j][i] = (bool*)pgm_read_byte(&(two[j][i - col])); } else if (charterToShow == '3') { matrixState[j][i] = (bool*)pgm_read_byte(&(three[j][i - col])); } else if (charterToShow == '4') { matrixState[j][i] = (bool*)pgm_read_byte(&(four[j][i - col])); } else if (charterToShow == '5') { matrixState[j][i] = (bool*)pgm_read_byte(&(five[j][i - col])); } else if (charterToShow == '6') { matrixState[j][i] = (bool*)pgm_read_byte(&(six[j][i - col])); } else if (charterToShow == '7') { matrixState[j][i] = (bool*)pgm_read_byte(&(seven[j][i - col])); } else if (charterToShow == '8') { matrixState[j][i] = (bool*)pgm_read_byte(&(eight[j][i - col])); } else if (charterToShow == '9') { matrixState[j][i] = (bool*)pgm_read_byte(&(nine[j][i - col])); } else if (charterToShow == ' ') { //SYMBOLS FOR SPACE matrixState[j][i] = 0; } } void resetGame() { //reset all game variables to the start condition clearMatrix(); showKeyChaininoFace(); delay(500); clearMatrix(); delay(300); snakePosition[0][0] = 3; snakePosition[0][1] = 4; snakePosition[1][0] = 3; snakePosition[1][1] = 3; snakePosition[2][0] = 3; snakePosition[2][1] = 2; numSnakePieces = 3; snakeDirection[0] = 0; snakeDirection[1] = 1; //randomize food position food[0] = random(0, MATRIX_ROW); food[1] = random(0, MATRIX_COL); //if food position is in the same position of the snake, change position for (byte i = 0; i < numSnakePieces; i++) { if (food[0] == snakePosition[i][0] && food[1] == snakePosition[i][1]) { food[0] = random(0, MATRIX_ROW); food[1] = random(0, MATRIX_COL); i = 0; } } matrixState[food[0]][food[1]] = 1; //Set food position score = 0; gameStarted = true; } void clearMatrix() { //clear the matrix by inserting 0 to the matrixState for (byte i = 0; i < MATRIX_ROW; i++) { for (byte j = 0; j < MATRIX_COL; j++) { clearMatrixStateBit(i, j); } } } void fullMatrix() { //turn on all LEDs in the matrix by inserting 1 to the matrixState for (byte i = 0; i < MATRIX_ROW; i++) { for (byte j = 0; j < MATRIX_COL; j++) { setMatrixStateBit(i, j); } } } //here we set or clear a single bit on the matrixState. We use this funciton in order //to really set or clear the matrix's bit when an interrupt occours. To do that we disable the //interrupt -> set or clear the bit -> enable interrupt void setMatrixStateBit(byte i, byte j) { cli(); matrixState[i][j] = 1; sei(); } void clearMatrixStateBit(byte i, byte j) { cli(); matrixState[i][j] = 0; sei(); } void showKeyChaininoFace() { for (byte i = 0; i < MATRIX_ROW; i++) { for (byte j = 0; j < MATRIX_COL; j++) { matrixState[i][j] = (bool*)pgm_read_byte(&(KeyChaininoFace[i][j])); //here we read the matrix from FLASH } } } void goSleep() { //going sleep to reduce power consuming //enable interrupt buttons to allow wakeup from button interrupts bitSet(GIMSK, INT0); //enable interrupt pin 8 - button B - INT0 bitSet(PCMSK0, PCINT6); //enable interrupt pin 6 - button A - PCINT6 power_timer0_disable(); //disable Timer 0 power_timer1_disable(); //disable Timer 1 set_sleep_mode(SLEEP_MODE_PWR_DOWN); while (digitalRead(BUTTON_B) || digitalRead(BUTTON_A)) { //until all the two buttons are pressend sleep_mode(); } //disable interrupt buttons after sleep bitClear(GIMSK, INT0); //disable interrupt pin 8 - button B - INT0 bitClear(PCMSK0, PCINT6); //disable interrupt pin 6 - button A - PCINT6 power_timer0_enable(); //enable Timer 0 power_timer1_enable(); //enable Timer 1 }